Hypertensive nephropathy

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Hypertensive Nephropathy

Hypertensive nephropathy (/haɪˌpɜːrtɛnˈsɪv nɪˈfrɒpəθi/), also known as hypertensive kidney disease, is a medical condition referring to damage to the kidney due to chronic high blood pressure.

Etymology

The term "Hypertensive nephropathy" is derived from three words: "Hyper" meaning high, "tensive" from tension or pressure, "nephro" from the Ancient Greek word for kidney, and "pathy" meaning disease.

Signs and Symptoms

Patients with hypertensive nephropathy often present with hypertension, proteinuria (excess protein in urine), and progressive kidney function decline. Other symptoms may include edema (swelling), hematuria (blood in urine), and uremia (high levels of waste products in the blood).

Causes

Hypertensive nephropathy is primarily caused by long-term, uncontrolled high blood pressure. Other risk factors include diabetes, obesity, and smoking.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of hypertensive nephropathy often involves blood tests, urine tests, and imaging tests such as ultrasound of the kidneys. In some cases, a kidney biopsy may be performed.

Treatment

Treatment for hypertensive nephropathy primarily involves controlling the blood pressure through antihypertensive drugs. Other treatments may include dietary changes, exercise, and in severe cases, dialysis or kidney transplant.

See Also

References


External links

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