Hyperchloremia
Hyperchloremia (pronounced: hi-per-klor-EM-ee-uh) is a medical condition characterized by elevated levels of chloride (chloride ions) in the blood.
Etymology
The term "Hyperchloremia" is derived from the Greek words "hyper" meaning 'over' or 'above normal', and "chloremia" meaning 'chloride in the blood'.
Definition
Hyperchloremia is defined as a serum chloride level of more than 107 milliequivalents per liter (mEq/L). Chloride is an important electrolyte that works with sodium and potassium to maintain proper fluid balance, blood volume, and blood pressure.
Causes
Hyperchloremia can be caused by a variety of factors including excessive intake of dietary salt (sodium chloride), certain kidney diseases, severe dehydration, and certain medications such as diuretics and corticosteroids.
Symptoms
Symptoms of hyperchloremia can vary depending on the severity of the condition. They may include fatigue, muscle weakness, excessive thirst, and in severe cases, decreased consciousness or coma.
Treatment
Treatment of hyperchloremia typically involves addressing the underlying cause of the condition. This may include adjusting medication dosages, treating underlying diseases, or modifying dietary intake of salt.
Related Terms
- Hypochloremia: A condition characterized by low levels of chloride in the blood.
- Electrolyte Imbalance: A condition characterized by an imbalance of electrolytes in the body, which can include hyperchloremia.
- Metabolic Acidosis: A condition often associated with hyperchloremia, characterized by an excess of acid in the body due to the failure of the kidneys to adequately remove it.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Hyperchloremia
- Wikipedia's article - Hyperchloremia
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