Hydroxyzine

Information about Hydroxyzine

Hydroxyzine is a first generation antihistamine that is used largely for symptoms of itching, nausea, anxiety and tension.

Liver safety of Hydroxyzine

Hydroxyzine has not been linked to instances of clinically apparent acute liver injury.

Mechanism of action of Hydroxyzine

Hydroxyzine (hye drox' i zeen) is a first generation antihistamine that is used mostly to treat itching and nausea. Because of its sedating effects, hydroxyzine is also used for anxiety, tension and as a mild sleeping aid. Hydroxyzine belongs to the piperazine class of antihistamines (with cyclizine and meclizine) which are more commonly used for itching, nausea and anxiety than for their effects on symptoms of allergic rhinitis or coryza.

FDA approval information for Hydroxyzine

Hydroxyzine was approved for use in the United States in 1957 and continues to be widely used. It is available as tablets or capsules of 10, 25, 50 and 100 mg in multiple generic forms and under the trade names Atarax and Vistaril. Hydroxyzine is also available as an oral suspension or syrup and as a liquid for injection.

Dosage and administration for Hydroxyzine

Most formulations are available without prescription. The recommended adult oral dose ranges from 25 to 100 mg three to four times daily. Doses used for itching are generally lower than those for anxiety and tension.

Side effects of Hydroxyzine

Common side effects include sedation, impairment of motor function, confusion, dizziness, blurred vision, dry mouth and throat, palpitations, tachycardia, abdominal distress, constipation and headache. Antihistamines can worsen urinary retention and glaucoma

First Generation Antihistamines

• Brompheniramine
• Carbinoxamine
• Chlorcyclizine
• Chlorpheniramine
• Clemastine
• Cyclizine
• Cyproheptadine
• Dexbrompheniramine
• Dexchlorpheniramine
• Dimenhydrinate
• Diphenhydramine
• Doxylamine
• Hydroxyzine
• Meclizine
• Phenyltoloxamine
• Promethazine
• Triprolidine

Second Generation Antihistamines

• Acrivastine
• Cetirizine
• Fexofenadine
• Levocetirizine
• Loratadine
• Desloratadine

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