Hydrate

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Hydrate

Hydrate (/ˈhaɪdreɪt/), from the Greek word "hydor" meaning water, is a term used in chemistry to indicate a compound that contains water. In terms of etymology, the term is derived from the Greek word "hydor" and the suffix "-ate" which is used in chemistry to denote a compound.

Definition

A hydrate is a substance that has water molecules bound within its crystals. Each hydrate has a fixed number of water molecules associated with each formula unit of the compound.

Types of Hydrates

Hydrates are classified into three main types:

  • Salts hydrates: These are hydrates in which water is combined with a salt.
  • Gas hydrates: These are hydrates in which water molecules trap gas molecules in a solid form.
  • Organic hydrates: These are hydrates in which water is combined with an organic compound.

Properties of Hydrates

Hydrates have unique properties that distinguish them from other compounds. They change their form and lose their water of hydration when exposed to air, a process known as efflorescence. Some hydrates can absorb water from the air, a process known as deliquescence.

Uses of Hydrates

Hydrates have various applications in different fields. For example, in the field of chemistry, they are used in the preparation of certain types of cement. In the field of medicine, certain hydrates are used as laxatives and antacids.

Related Terms

  • Anhydrate: A substance that has lost its water of hydration.
  • Hydrolysis: The chemical breakdown of a compound due to reaction with water.
  • Hydration reaction: A chemical reaction in which a substance combines with water.

External links

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