Human experimentation

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Human Experimentation

Human experimentation (pronunciation: /ˈhjuːmən ˌɛkspɛrɪmɛnˈteɪʃən/) refers to the involvement of human beings in research and experimentation. The term is often associated with the field of medical research, where it is used to describe the process of testing new medical treatments, drugs, and procedures on human subjects.

Etymology

The term "human experimentation" is derived from the Latin words "humanus" meaning "human" and "experimentum" meaning "trial, test".

Related Terms

  • Clinical trial: A type of research that studies new tests and treatments and evaluates their effects on human health outcomes.
  • Informed consent: A process in which a health care provider educates a patient about the risks, benefits, and alternatives of a given procedure or intervention.
  • Ethics in research: The application of ethical principles to the investigation of human and animal subjects.
  • Placebo: A substance or treatment which is designed to have no therapeutic value.
  • Double-blind study: A type of study in which neither the participants nor the experimenters know who is receiving a particular treatment.

History

Human experimentation has a long history, dating back to ancient times when early physicians would test new treatments on themselves or their patients. In the modern era, human experimentation has become a cornerstone of medical research, with strict ethical guidelines and regulations in place to protect the rights and welfare of research subjects.

Ethical Considerations

The ethics of human experimentation are a significant concern in the field of medical research. Ethical guidelines, such as the Declaration of Helsinki and the Belmont Report, have been established to ensure the protection of human subjects in research. These guidelines emphasize the importance of informed consent, respect for persons, beneficence, and justice.

Controversies

Despite the ethical guidelines in place, controversies surrounding human experimentation persist. These often involve issues of informed consent, exploitation of vulnerable populations, and the potential for harm versus benefit.

External links

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