Homologous recombination
Homologous Recombination
Homologous recombination (pronunciation: ho·mo·lo·gous re·com·bi·na·tion) is a type of genetic recombination in which nucleotide sequences are exchanged between two similar or identical molecules of DNA. It is most widely used by cells to accurately repair harmful breaks that occur on both strands of DNA, known as double-strand breaks.
Etymology
The term "homologous" is derived from the Greek words "homos" (same) and "logos" (relation). "Recombination" comes from the Latin "re-" (again) and "combinare" (to combine). Thus, the term refers to the process where there is a new combination of genetic material from homologous DNA sequences.
Process
Homologous recombination is a complex process that can be divided into several stages: presynaptic phase, synaptic phase, and postsynaptic phase. Each phase is facilitated by a variety of proteins, such as the RecA protein in bacteria, which helps to facilitate the pairing of homologous DNA strands and the exchange of DNA between them.
Related Terms
- Genetic recombination
- Nucleotide
- DNA
- Double-strand breaks
- Presynaptic phase
- Synaptic phase
- Postsynaptic phase
- RecA
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Homologous recombination
- Wikipedia's article - Homologous recombination
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