Hemosiderinuria

Hemosiderinuria

Hemosiderinuria (/ˌhɛməsaɪdərɪˈnjʊəriə/) is a medical condition characterized by the presence of hemosiderin in the urine.

Etymology

The term "Hemosiderinuria" is derived from two words: "Hemosiderin", a form of iron storage complex found in the body, and "uria", a suffix used in medicine to denote the presence of a substance in the urine.

Definition

Hemosiderinuria is a condition that occurs when there is an excess of hemosiderin in the urine. This is often a sign of excessive breakdown of red blood cells, a condition known as hemolysis. The hemosiderin is released from the destroyed red blood cells and is eventually excreted in the urine.

Symptoms

The primary symptom of hemosiderinuria is the presence of dark or brown urine. This is due to the hemosiderin, which is a brown pigment. Other symptoms may be related to the underlying cause of the hemolysis, such as fatigue, shortness of breath, and jaundice.

Causes

Hemosiderinuria is usually caused by conditions that lead to excessive hemolysis. These can include sickle cell anemia, thalassemia, and other forms of hemolytic anemia. It can also occur in conditions that cause damage to the blood vessels, such as vasculitis or malignant hypertension.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of hemosiderinuria is typically made through a urine test. The urine is examined under a microscope for the presence of hemosiderin. Other tests may be done to determine the cause of the hemolysis, such as a complete blood count (CBC), reticulocyte count, and tests for hemolytic anemia.

Treatment

Treatment for hemosiderinuria is aimed at addressing the underlying cause of the hemolysis. This may involve treating the specific disease causing the hemolysis, such as sickle cell anemia or thalassemia. In some cases, iron supplements may be given to replace the iron lost in the urine.

Related Terms

• Hemolysis
• Hemolytic anemia
• Sickle cell anemia
• Thalassemia
• Vasculitis
• Malignant hypertension

External links

• Medical encyclopedia article on Hemosiderinuria
• Wikipedia's article - Hemosiderinuria

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