Head louse
Head louse
The head louse (Pediculus humanus capitis) is a parasitic insect that is found on the hair, eyebrows, and eyelashes of humans. Head lice are obligate parasites, meaning they can't survive long without a human host.
Pronunciation
Head louse: /hɛd laʊs/
Etymology
The term "head louse" is derived from the Old English "lūs", which is related to the Old High German "lūs" and the Old Norse "lús". All these words mean "louse".
Description
Head lice are about 2–3 mm long. They have six legs, each ending in a claw, and they are tan to grayish-white in color. The female louse lays eggs, called nits, which are glued to the base of the hair shaft, close to the scalp.
Transmission
Head lice are spread through direct contact with the hair of an infested person. They can't jump or fly, but they can crawl quickly. Sharing personal items like combs, brushes, hats, and headphones can also spread lice.
Treatment
Treatment for head lice is typically a topical insecticide, such as permethrin or malathion. In cases where these treatments are ineffective, oral medications may be used. It's also important to wash all bedding and clothing that the infested person has been in contact with.
Prevention
Preventing head lice infestations involves avoiding direct head-to-head contact and not sharing personal items that come into contact with the hair. Regular checks for lice and nits can also help catch an infestation early.
Related Terms
- Nits: The eggs of the head louse.
- Pediculosis: The condition of being infested with lice.
- Permethrin: A common treatment for lice.
- Malathion: Another treatment for lice.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Head louse
- Wikipedia's article - Head louse
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