Hashimoto's encephalopathy
Hashimoto's Encephalopathy (pronunciation: hah-shee-MOH-tohz en-sef-uh-LOP-uh-thee) is a rare, neuroendocrine disorder characterized by encephalopathy, thyroid autoimmunity, and good response to steroids. It is also known as Steroid Responsive Encephalopathy Associated with Autoimmune Thyroiditis (SREAT).
Etymology
The condition is named after the Japanese physician Hakaru Hashimoto, who first described it in 1912. The term "encephalopathy" comes from the Greek words "enkephalos" (brain) and "pathos" (suffering).
Symptoms
Symptoms of Hashimoto's Encephalopathy can vary widely and may include confusion, drowsiness, seizures, hallucinations, stroke-like episodes, and memory loss. Some patients may also experience psychiatric symptoms such as anxiety, depression, and psychosis.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis is typically based on the presence of high levels of thyroid antibodies, particularly anti-thyroid peroxidase (anti-TPO) antibodies, in the blood. Other diagnostic tests may include a lumbar puncture, electroencephalogram (EEG), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
Treatment
Treatment typically involves high-dose corticosteroids, which can often lead to a complete recovery. Other treatments may include other immunosuppressive drugs, plasma exchange, and intravenous immunoglobulin.
Related Terms
- Encephalopathy
- Thyroid
- Autoimmune disease
- Corticosteroids
- Immunosuppressive drugs
- Plasma exchange
- Intravenous immunoglobulin
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Hashimoto's encephalopathy
- Wikipedia's article - Hashimoto's encephalopathy
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