Germ theory of disease

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Germ Theory of Disease

The Germ Theory of Disease (pronunciation: /dʒɜːrm θɪəri ɒv dɪˈziːz/) is a fundamental tenet of modern medicine that proposes that microorganisms are the cause of many diseases.

Etymology

The term "germ" comes from the Latin word 'germen', meaning 'sprout, bud'. The theory itself was formulated in the mid-19th century, with significant contributions from Louis Pasteur and Robert Koch.

Definition

The Germ Theory of Disease posits that specific microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, and fungi, are responsible for specific diseases. These microorganisms invade the body's natural barriers and multiply, leading to infection and disease.

History

The Germ Theory of Disease was developed in the 19th century by scientists such as Louis Pasteur, Robert Koch, and Joseph Lister. Prior to this, the prevailing theory was Miasma Theory, which held that diseases were caused by "bad air".

Related Terms

  • Microorganism: A microscopic organism, especially a bacterium, virus, or fungus.
  • Infection: The process by which bacteria, viruses, and other parasites invade the body and cause disease.
  • Bacteria: A type of biological cell that constitutes a large domain of prokaryotic microorganisms.
  • Virus: A small infectious agent that replicates only inside the living cells of an organism.
  • Fungi: Any member of the group of eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and molds, as well as the more familiar mushrooms.
  • Miasma Theory: A now-discredited theory that diseases are caused by "bad air".

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