Genomic library

Genomic Library

A Genomic Library (pronunciation: /dʒɪˈnoʊmɪk ˈlaɪbrəri/) is a collection of the total genetic material from a single organism. It is stored in a population of identical vectors, each containing a different insert of DNA.

Etymology

The term "Genomic Library" is derived from the words "Genome" and "Library". "Genome" is a term coined by Hans Winkler in 1920, from the Greek words "genos" (γένος) meaning "race, kind" and "nomos" (νόμος) meaning "law". "Library" in this context is used to denote a collection or archive, similar to a library of books.

Construction of a Genomic Library

The construction of a genomic library involves several steps. First, the DNA of the organism is extracted and then fragmented, either mechanically or by using restriction enzymes. These fragments are then inserted into suitable vectors, such as plasmids or bacteriophages. The vectors are then introduced into bacteria where they replicate, producing a population of bacteria, each containing a different DNA fragment. This collection of bacteria, each containing a different piece of the original DNA, constitutes the genomic library.

Uses of a Genomic Library

Genomic libraries are used in a variety of research applications. They are particularly useful in the study of genomics, where they can be used to study the function and structure of entire genomes. They can also be used in gene cloning, gene mapping, and in the identification and study of individual genes.

Related Terms

• cDNA library
• Shotgun sequencing
• Genome sequencing
• Molecular cloning
• Genetic engineering

External links

• Medical encyclopedia article on Genomic library
• Wikipedia's article - Genomic library

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