Gene family

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Gene Family

A Gene Family (pronunciation: /dʒiːn ˈfæmɪli/) is a set of several similar genes, formed by duplication of a single original gene, and generally with similar biochemical functions.

Etymology

The term "Gene Family" is derived from the concept of family, which is used to describe a group of related objects. In this case, the objects are genes that have evolved from a common ancestral gene.

Definition

A Gene Family is a group of genes with related functions, usually as a result of being derived from a common ancestor. These genes are often located close together on the same chromosome, but can also be found on different chromosomes if they have been moved via translocation.

Related Terms

  • Gene: A gene is a unit of heredity which is transferred from a parent to offspring and is held to determine some characteristic of the offspring.
  • Chromosome: A chromosome is a thread-like structure of nucleic acids and protein found in the nucleus of most living cells, carrying genetic information in the form of genes.
  • Translocation: Translocation is a chromosome abnormality caused by rearrangement of parts between nonhomologous chromosomes.
  • Genome: The genome is the complete set of genes or genetic material present in a cell or organism.
  • Protein: Proteins are large biomolecules, or macromolecules, consisting of one or more long chains of amino acid residues.

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