Gel electrophoresis of proteins
Gel Electrophoresis of Proteins
Gel electrophoresis of proteins (pronunciation: jell eh-lek-troh-foh-ree-sis of proh-teens) is a method used in biochemistry, molecular biology, genetics, and biotechnology to separate proteins according to their electrophoretic mobility (a product of the length of a protein and its charge) in a polyacrylamide gel.
Etymology
The term "gel electrophoresis" comes from the Greek words "elektro-", meaning amber (the substance that gives static electricity when rubbed), and "phoresis", meaning to carry. The term "protein" comes from the Greek word "proteios", meaning primary or in the lead.
Procedure
The procedure begins with the application of a protein sample to a well in the gel. An electric current is then applied across the gel, causing the proteins to move through the gel matrix. Smaller proteins move faster and therefore further than larger proteins. The proteins are then visualized using a staining agent, most commonly Coomassie Brilliant Blue.
Related Terms
- Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE): A type of gel electrophoresis used to separate proteins.
- SDS-PAGE: A variant of PAGE, where Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate (SDS) is used to denature the proteins.
- Isoelectric focusing: A technique used to separate proteins based on their isoelectric point.
- 2D gel electrophoresis: A form of gel electrophoresis where proteins are separated first by isoelectric focusing, then by SDS-PAGE.
- Western blot: A method used to detect specific proteins in a sample.
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Gel electrophoresis of proteins
- Wikipedia's article - Gel electrophoresis of proteins
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