Fusobacterium nucleatum

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Fusobacterium nucleatum

Fusobacterium nucleatum (pronounced: fyoo-soh-bak-TEER-ee-uhm noo-klee-AH-tuhm) is a species of anaerobic bacterium that is commonly found in the human oral microbiome. It is associated with various forms of periodontal disease and is increasingly recognized for its role in various systemic diseases and conditions.

Etymology

The genus name Fusobacterium is derived from the Latin fusus, meaning "spindle", and bacterium, meaning "bacterium". This refers to the spindle-like shape of the bacteria. The species name nucleatum is derived from the Latin nucleatus, meaning "having a nucleus", which refers to the bacterium's granulated protoplasm that resembles a nucleus.

Characteristics

Fusobacterium nucleatum is a Gram-negative, non-spore-forming, obligate anaerobe. It is rod-shaped and can be found in the human mouth, where it plays a role in the development of dental plaque and periodontal disease. It is also found in the gut and can be associated with colorectal cancer.

Pathogenicity

Fusobacterium nucleatum is an opportunistic pathogen. It has been implicated in a variety of systemic diseases, including preterm birth, adverse pregnancy outcomes, cardiovascular disease, and colorectal cancer. It is also involved in the formation of dental plaque and the development of periodontal disease.

Treatment

Treatment for infections caused by Fusobacterium nucleatum typically involves antibiotics. The bacterium is generally susceptible to metronidazole, clindamycin, and beta-lactam antibiotics.

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