Functional genomics
Functional Genomics
Functional genomics (pronunciation: /fʌŋkʃənəl dʒiːˈnɒmɪks/) is a field of genomics that aims to understand the complex relationship between genome structure and function. It involves the utilization of data produced by genomic and transcriptomic projects to describe gene (and protein) functions and interactions.
Etymology
The term "Functional genomics" is a combination of the words "function" and "genomics". "Function" comes from the Latin functio, meaning "performance, execution", and "genomics" is derived from the word "genome", which itself comes from the German Genom, coined from the words gen (gene) and -om (as in chromosome).
Overview
Functional genomics studies the roles of genes and their interactions. It uses a wide range of experimental and computational methods, including DNA sequencing, microarray technology, and proteomics. The goal is to understand the complex networks of gene interactions and how changes in these networks can impact biological function and lead to disease.
Related Terms
- Genome: The complete set of genes or genetic material present in a cell or organism.
- Transcriptomics: The study of the complete set of RNA transcripts that are produced by the genome, under specific circumstances or in a specific cell.
- Proteomics: The large-scale study of proteins, particularly their structures and functions.
- Microarray: A laboratory tool used to detect the expression of thousands of genes at once.
- DNA Sequencing: The process of determining the precise order of nucleotides within a DNA molecule.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Functional genomics
- Wikipedia's article - Functional genomics
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