Fat embolism
Fat Embolism
Fat embolism (pronounced: /fæt ˈɛmbəˌlɪzəm/) is a pathological condition characterized by the presence of fat particles or droplets in the bloodstream, which can lead to serious complications such as Fat Embolism Syndrome (FES).
Etymology
The term "fat embolism" is derived from the Latin words "embolus" meaning stopper or plug, and "fat" referring to the fatty particles involved.
Definition
A fat embolism is a type of Embolism that occurs when fat particles or droplets enter the bloodstream. This can occur as a result of trauma, particularly fractures of the long bones or pelvis, or during certain surgical procedures. The fat particles can travel through the bloodstream and lodge in the blood vessels of the lungs, brain, or other organs, causing a blockage or Embolus.
Symptoms
Symptoms of a fat embolism can vary depending on the size and location of the embolism. They may include shortness of breath, chest pain, confusion, dizziness, and a petechial rash. In severe cases, a fat embolism can lead to Fat Embolism Syndrome (FES), a serious condition that can cause respiratory failure, neurological impairment, and even death.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of a fat embolism is typically based on clinical symptoms and a history of trauma or surgery. Imaging tests such as a CT scan or MRI may be used to confirm the diagnosis.
Treatment
Treatment for a fat embolism is primarily supportive and may include oxygen therapy, fluids, and medications to relieve symptoms. In severe cases, mechanical ventilation or other intensive care treatments may be required.
Related Terms
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Fat embolism
- Wikipedia's article - Fat embolism
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