Familial aortic dissection

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Familial Aortic Dissection

Familial Aortic Dissection (pronounced: fuh-MIL-ee-uhl aor-TIK dih-SEK-shun) is a rare condition that affects the aorta, the main blood vessel that carries blood from the heart to the rest of the body.

Etymology

The term "Familial Aortic Dissection" is derived from the Latin words 'familia' meaning family, 'aorta' meaning the main artery in the body, and 'dissectio' meaning a cutting apart. This term refers to the condition where the inner layer of the aorta tears, causing blood to flow between the layers of the wall of the aorta, forcing the layers apart.

Definition

Familial Aortic Dissection is a condition characterized by a tear in the wall of the aorta. This can lead to a life-threatening situation as blood surges out of the aorta, causing the inner and middle layers of the aorta to separate (dissect). If the blood-filled channel ruptures through the outside aortic wall, aortic dissection is often fatal.

Symptoms

Symptoms of Familial Aortic Dissection may include sudden severe chest or upper back pain, loss of consciousness, shortness of breath, sweating, weak pulse in one arm or thigh compared to the other, and differences in blood pressure between arms.

Causes

Familial Aortic Dissection is often caused by genetic mutations that result in certain connective tissue disorders, such as Marfan syndrome and Ehlers-Danlos syndrome. These conditions weaken the walls of the aorta, making them more susceptible to dissection.

Treatment

Treatment for Familial Aortic Dissection may involve surgery or medications, depending on the location of the dissection and the patient's overall health. Medications may be used to lower blood pressure and reduce the risk of aortic rupture.

Related Terms

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