Extracellular fluid
Extracellular Fluid
Extracellular fluid (pronunciation: ek-struh-SEL-yuh-lur flooid) refers to all body fluid outside the cells. It is a significant component of the body's fluid compartments.
Etymology
The term "extracellular fluid" is derived from the Latin words "extra" meaning "outside" and "cella" meaning "cell". Thus, it literally means "fluid outside the cells".
Definition
Extracellular fluid is the body fluid that is not contained within the cells. It makes up about one-third of the total body water and includes interstitial fluid, blood plasma, lymph, and cerebrospinal fluid. It serves as a transport medium for delivering nutrients to the cells and carrying waste products away from the cells.
Composition
Extracellular fluid is primarily composed of water, but also contains electrolytes, such as sodium, chloride, and bicarbonate, and proteins. The composition of extracellular fluid is carefully maintained by various homeostatic mechanisms in the body.
Function
The main function of extracellular fluid is to provide a stable environment for cells. It allows for the exchange of nutrients and waste products between the cells and the blood. It also plays a crucial role in maintaining acid-base balance, osmotic balance, and temperature regulation in the body.
Related Terms
- Intracellular fluid: The fluid contained within the cells.
- Interstitial fluid: The extracellular fluid that fills the spaces between most of the cells of the body.
- Plasma: The liquid component of blood, in which the blood cells are suspended.
- Lymph: The fluid that circulates in the lymphatic system.
- Cerebrospinal fluid: The fluid that surrounds the brain and spinal cord.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Extracellular fluid
- Wikipedia's article - Extracellular fluid
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