Epidemiology and Infection
Epidemiology
Epidemiology (pronounced /ˌɛpɪˌdiːmiˈɒlədʒi/) is the study and analysis of the distribution, patterns and determinants of health and disease conditions in defined populations. It is a cornerstone of public health, and shapes policy decisions and evidence-based practice by identifying risk factors for disease and targets for preventive healthcare.
Etymology
The term 'Epidemiology' is derived from the Greek words 'epi', meaning 'upon', 'demos', meaning 'people', and 'logos', meaning 'study'. Thus, it translates to 'the study of what is upon the people'.
Infection
Infection (pronounced /ɪnˈfɛkʃən/) is the invasion of an organism's body tissues by disease-causing agents, their multiplication, and the reaction of host tissues to the infectious agents and the toxins they produce.
Etymology
The term 'Infection' comes from the Latin 'infectio', which means 'to stain or dye with color', metaphorically implying the staining of the body by disease.
Related Terms
- Epidemic: An outbreak of disease that spreads quickly and affects many individuals at the same time.
- Pandemic: An epidemic that has spread over a large area, that is, it's prevalent throughout an entire country, continent, or the whole world.
- Endemic: A disease or condition regularly found among particular people or in a certain area.
- Pathogen: A bacterium, virus, or other microorganism that can cause disease.
- Public Health: The science and art of preventing disease, prolonging life, and promoting health through the organized efforts of society.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Epidemiology and Infection
- Wikipedia's article - Epidemiology and Infection
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