Energy

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Energy (Medicine)

Energy (pronounced: /ˈɛnərdʒi/) in the context of medicine, refers to the vitality required by the body to perform various functions. It is derived from the Greek word "energeia", which means activity or operation.

Etymology

The term "energy" comes from the Ancient Greek word "ἐνέργεια" (energeia), which possibly comes from "ἐνεργός" (energos), meaning active, working.

Definition

In medicine, energy is often used to refer to the ability of the body to perform work, including metabolic processes and physical activity. The body obtains energy from food, which is converted into ATP, the primary energy currency of cells.

Related Terms

  • Metabolism: The set of life-sustaining chemical reactions in organisms. The three main purposes of metabolism are: the conversion of food to energy to run cellular processes; the conversion of food/fuel to building blocks for proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, and some carbohydrates; and the elimination of nitrogenous wastes.
  • Calorie: A unit of energy. In nutrition, calories refer to the energy people get from the food and drink they consume, and the energy they use in physical activity.
  • Adenosine triphosphate (ATP): A complex organic chemical that provides energy to drive many processes in living cells, e.g. muscle contraction, nerve impulse propagation, and chemical synthesis.
  • Thermogenesis: The process of heat production in organisms. It occurs in brown adipose tissue (brown fat) and skeletal muscle.
  • Bioenergetics: The study of the transformation of energy in living organisms.

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