Dyes

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Dyes

Dyes (/daɪz/; from Old English deah, deag) are substances that are used to impart color to materials such as textiles, paper, leather, and food. They are usually soluble in water and have an affinity for the material to which they are applied.

Etymology

The word dye is derived from the Old English deah, deag, which means to dye or color. It is related to the Old High German tougan, meaning to change or alter.

Types of Dyes

There are several types of dyes, including:

  • Acid Dyes: These are water-soluble anionic dyes that are applied to fibers such as silk, wool, and nylon.
  • Basic Dyes: These are cationic dyes and are mainly used for acrylic fibers.
  • Direct Dyes: These are another class of dyes, one of the two types of dyes that are mixed in 'all purpose' dyes such as Rit.
  • Disperse Dyes: These are used to dye polyester and acetate fibers.
  • Reactive Dyes: These are a class of highly colored organic substances, primarily used for tinting textiles.

Uses

Dyes are used in a variety of industries, including:

  • Textile Industry: Dyes are used to color textiles, giving them a more attractive appearance.
  • Food Industry: Some dyes are used to color food, making it more appealing to consumers.
  • Leather Industry: Dyes are used to color leather, enhancing its aesthetic appeal.
  • Paper Industry: Dyes are used to color paper, making it more visually appealing.

Related Terms

  • Pigments: These are insoluble substances used to color materials.
  • Mordant: This is a substance used to set dyes on fabrics by forming a coordination complex with the dye.
  • Chromophore: This is the part of a molecule responsible for its color.

External links

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