Diagnosis of schizophrenia
Diagnosis of Schizophrenia
Diagnosis of schizophrenia (/ˌskaɪtsoʊˈfrɛniə/, from the Greek roots schizein "to split" and phrēn "mind") is a process that involves the identification and assessment of symptoms and signs associated with schizophrenia, a chronic and severe mental disorder that affects how a person thinks, feels, and behaves.
Definition
Schizophrenia is characterized by distortions in thinking, perception, emotions, language, sense of self and behavior. Common experiences include hallucinations, such as hearing voices, and delusions, such as being persecuted or being a famous person.
Diagnostic Criteria
The diagnosis of schizophrenia is based on criteria in either the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) or the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10). These criteria require the presence of symptoms such as delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, disorganized or catatonic behavior, and negative symptoms.
Diagnostic Process
The diagnostic process for schizophrenia typically involves a psychiatric evaluation, medical history, physical examination, and laboratory tests. The psychiatrist will assess the individual's symptoms, their duration, and their impact on the person's functioning.
Differential Diagnosis
The differential diagnosis for schizophrenia includes other mental disorders such as bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder with psychotic features, schizoaffective disorder, and delusional disorder. It also includes medical conditions that can cause similar symptoms, such as neurological disorders, endocrine disorders, and substance use disorders.
Related Terms
- Psychosis: A severe mental disorder in which thought and emotions are so impaired that contact is lost with external reality.
- Schizotypal personality disorder: A mental disorder characterized by severe social anxiety, thought disorder, paranoid ideation, derealization, transient psychosis, and often unconventional beliefs.
- Schizoid personality disorder: A personality disorder characterized by a lack of interest in social relationships, a tendency towards a solitary or sheltered lifestyle, secretiveness, emotional coldness, and apathy.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Diagnosis of schizophrenia
- Wikipedia's article - Diagnosis of schizophrenia
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