Developing countries

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Developing Countries

Developing countries (pronunciation: /dɪˈvɛləpɪŋ ˈkʌntrɪz/), also known as low and middle income countries (LMICs), are nations with a lower living standard, underdeveloped industrial base, and low Human Development Index (HDI) relative to other countries. The term "developing" refers to a currently observed situation and not to a dynamic or expected direction of progress.

Etymology

The term "developing country" was first introduced in the late 20th century to represent nations that are economically and socially less developed. It replaced the term "Third World" which was considered pejorative and outdated.

Related Terms

  • Least Developed Countries (LDCs): These are countries which, according to the United Nations, exhibit the lowest indicators of socioeconomic development.
  • Emerging Markets: These are nations that are investing in more productive capacity and moving away from their traditional economies.
  • Global South: This is a term often used to describe developing countries, most of which are located in the southern hemisphere.

Health in Developing Countries

Health in developing countries can be significantly different from developed countries. The World Health Organization (WHO) states that "poverty is the biggest enemy of health in developing countries." Many developing countries lack sufficient health infrastructure, leading to inadequate and often inaccessible healthcare. This results in a lower life expectancy and higher infant mortality rates compared to developed countries.

Education in Developing Countries

Education in developing countries often suffers from issues of accessibility, quality, and relevance. Many children in these countries do not have access to basic education due to issues such as poverty, conflict, and a lack of infrastructure.

Economy in Developing Countries

The economies of developing countries are typically characterized by a large informal sector, low levels of savings and investment, and an agricultural sector that employs a large portion of the population. These economies often rely heavily on foreign aid and are vulnerable to fluctuations in global commodity prices.

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