Dehydrogenase
Dehydrogenase
Dehydrogenase (/diːhaɪˈdrɒdʒɪneɪz/), from the Greek words "de" meaning "removal" and "hydrogen" meaning "water-former", is a type of enzyme that catalyzes the removal of hydrogen atoms from a particular molecule, particularly in the context of a biochemical reaction.
Function
Dehydrogenases play a crucial role in the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins. They are involved in various metabolic pathways, including glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, and electron transport chain. Dehydrogenases are also involved in the process of fermentation, where they help convert sugar into alcohol.
Types
There are several types of dehydrogenases, each with a specific function. Some of the most common types include:
- Alcohol dehydrogenase: This enzyme helps metabolize alcohols that can be toxic to the body.
- Lactate dehydrogenase: This enzyme is involved in the conversion of lactate to pyruvate in the body.
- Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase: This enzyme plays a key role in the pentose phosphate pathway, which generates NADPH and pentoses.
Clinical Significance
Abnormal levels of dehydrogenases in the body can indicate various medical conditions. For instance, elevated levels of lactate dehydrogenase can indicate tissue damage or disease. Similarly, a deficiency in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase can lead to hemolytic anemia.
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Dehydrogenase
- Wikipedia's article - Dehydrogenase
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