Cyproheptadine

Information about Cyproheptadine

Cyproheptadine is a first generation antihistamine used in the treatment of allergic rhinitis and urticaria and as an appetite stimulant.

Liver safety of Cyproheptadine

Cyproheptadine has been linked to rare instances of clinically apparent liver injury.

Mechanism of action of Cyproheptadine

Cyproheptadine (sye" proe hep' da deen) is a first generation antihistamine which also has anticholinergic and antiserotonergic activities that is used to treat allergic conditions including seasonal rhinitis, conjunctivitis, dermatitits and urticaria. Cyproheptadine belongs to the piperidine class of antihistamines. Its antiserotonergic properties have led to its use to treat side effects of the serotonin reuptake inhibitors and the serotonin syndrome. Cyproheptadine has also been used off-label as an appetite stimulant and to treat cyclic vomiting. Cyproheptadine is available by prescription only. Formulations include tablets, oral solutions and syrups in multiple generic forms and under the trade name Periactin. The usual adult oral dose is 4 mg three to four times daily.

Side effects of Cyproheptadine

Common side effects include excessive sedation, impairment of motor function, confusion, dizziness, blurred vision, dry mouth and throat, palpitations, tachycardia, abdominal distress, constipation and headache. Antihistamines can worsen urinary retention and precipitate acute narrow angle glaucoma.

First Generation Antihistamines

• Brompheniramine
• Carbinoxamine
• Chlorcyclizine
• Chlorpheniramine
• Clemastine
• Cyclizine
• Cyproheptadine
• Dexbrompheniramine
• Dexchlorpheniramine
• Dimenhydrinate
• Diphenhydramine
• Doxylamine
• Hydroxyzine
• Meclizine
• Phenyltoloxamine
• Promethazine
• Triprolidine

Second Generation Antihistamines

• Acrivastine
• Cetirizine
• Fexofenadine
• Levocetirizine
• Loratadine
• Desloratadine

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