Cuticle (hair)

Cuticle (hair)

The Cuticle is the outermost part of the hair shaft. It is formed from dead cells, overlapping in layers, which form scales that give the hair shaft strength and provide protection for it.

Pronunciation

The word Cuticle is pronounced as /ˈkjuːtɪkəl/.

Etymology

The term Cuticle originates from the Latin word cuticula, which means "small skin". It was first used in English in the early 17th century.

Structure

The Cuticle is made up of a series of layers, with each layer being composed of several cells that overlap like roof tiles. These cells are transparent and contain keratin, a type of protein that gives hair its strength and flexibility. The Cuticle's structure allows it to act as a protective barrier for the more delicate inner structures of the hair shaft, including the cortex and the medulla.

Function

The primary function of the Cuticle is to protect the hair shaft from damage. It does this by providing a hard, protective layer over the more delicate inner structures of the hair shaft. The Cuticle also plays a role in controlling the water content of the hair fiber.

Related Terms

Cortex (hair): The second layer of the hair shaft, located directly beneath the Cuticle. It contains the pigment that gives hair its color.
Medulla (hair): The innermost layer of the hair shaft, located beneath the cortex. It is not always present, particularly in fine or very light hair.
Keratin: A type of protein that is a key structural material in hair, nails, and the outer layer of skin.