Congenital defect
Congenital defect
A congenital defect, also known as a birth defect or congenital disorder, is a condition that is present at birth, regardless of its cause. These defects can result in physical disabilities, intellectual disability, or both. They may be visible on the body or only detectable through medical testing.
Pronunciation
- Congenital: /kənˈjenɪtl/
- Defect: /ˈdiːfekt/
Etymology
The term "congenital" is derived from the Latin congenitus, which means "born with". The term "defect" comes from the Latin defectus, meaning "lack" or "shortcoming".
Types of Congenital Defects
There are many types of congenital defects, including:
- Heart defects
- Cleft lip or cleft palate
- Spina bifida
- Down syndrome
- Congenital diaphragmatic hernia
- Congenital hypothyroidism
- Phenylketonuria
Causes
The exact cause of most congenital defects is unknown. However, some possible causes include:
- Genetic disorders
- Exposure to certain medications or chemicals during pregnancy
- Certain infections during pregnancy
- Nutritional deficiencies during pregnancy
Treatment
Treatment for congenital defects depends on the specific type and severity of the defect. Some defects require surgical intervention, while others may be managed with medication or physical therapy.
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Congenital defect
- Wikipedia's article - Congenital defect
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