Combinatorial chemistry
Combinatorial Chemistry
Combinatorial chemistry (pronunciation: /kɒmbɪnəˈtɔːrɪəl kɪˈmɪstri/) is a method used in chemistry and biology to create a large number of different macromolecules capable of achieving a desired biological activity. The term was coined in the late 20th century, with the etymology deriving from the English words "combine" and "laboratory".
History
Combinatorial chemistry was developed in the 1980s by Mario Geysen as a method to rapidly synthesize new drug candidates. This method was later expanded by Richard A. Houghten and others to include solid phase peptide synthesis and other types of chemical synthesis.
Methodology
The methodology of combinatorial chemistry involves the simultaneous synthesis of a large number of different but structurally related molecules. This is achieved by combining a set of chemical building blocks in all possible combinations to create a library of molecules. These libraries can then be screened for biological activity, allowing for the rapid identification of effective drug candidates.
Applications
Combinatorial chemistry has found wide application in drug discovery, materials science, and biotechnology. In drug discovery, it is used to rapidly generate large libraries of different molecules that can be tested for their ability to bind to a target protein. In materials science, it is used to create libraries of different materials with varying properties. In biotechnology, it is used to generate large libraries of proteins or peptides with different properties.
Related Terms
- Library (combinatorial chemistry): A collection of different molecules generated by combinatorial chemistry.
- High-throughput screening: A method used to rapidly test the biological activity of a large number of molecules.
- Solid phase synthesis: A method used in combinatorial chemistry to attach molecules to a solid support, allowing for easy separation and purification.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Combinatorial chemistry
- Wikipedia's article - Combinatorial chemistry
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