Clinical Trials
Clinical Trials
Clinical Trials (pronunciation: /ˈklɪnɪkəl ˈtraɪəlz/) are research studies performed in people that are aimed at evaluating a medical, surgical, or behavioral intervention. They are the primary way that researchers find out if a new treatment, like a new drug or diet or medical device (for example, a pacemaker) is safe and effective in people.
Etymology
The term "Clinical Trials" is derived from the Latin word "clinicus" which means "bedside" and the English word "trial" which means "a test of the performance, qualities, or suitability of someone or something".
Related Terms
- Interventional study: A type of clinical trial in which participants are assigned to groups that receive one or more intervention/treatment (or no intervention) so that researchers can evaluate the effects of the interventions on biomedical or health-related outcomes.
- Observational study: A type of clinical trial in which participants are observed in their natural settings. Researchers do not intervene but simply observe and measure outcomes.
- Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT): A type of clinical trial in which participants are randomly assigned to receive either the treatment being tested or a placebo.
- Placebo: An inactive substance or treatment that looks the same as, and is given in the same way as, an active drug or treatment being tested. The effects of the active drug or treatment are compared to the effects of the placebo.
- Informed Consent: The process of learning the key facts about a clinical trial before deciding whether to participate. It is also a continuing process throughout the study to provide information for participants.
- Blinding: A method used in some clinical trials to prevent bias. Blinding means that the participants, the researchers, or both do not know which participants receive the active treatment and which receive the placebo.
- Ethics Committee: An independent body constituted of medical, scientific, and non-scientific members, whose responsibility is to ensure the protection of the rights, safety and well-being of human subjects involved in a trial.
See Also
- Phases of Clinical Trials
- Clinical Trial Protocol
- Clinical Trial Registration
- Clinical Trial Design
- Clinical Trial Data Management
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Clinical Trials
- Wikipedia's article - Clinical Trials
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