Chylomicron
Chylomicron
Chylomicron (pronounced: kai-lo-MIKE-ron) is a type of lipoprotein that is primarily composed of triglycerides. It is the largest and least dense of the lipoproteins and is responsible for the transport of dietary lipids from the intestines to other parts of the body.
Etymology
The term "chylomicron" is derived from the Greek words "chylos", meaning juice, and "mikros", meaning small. This refers to the small, juice-like particles that make up the chylomicron.
Function
Chylomicrons are synthesized in the enterocytes of the small intestine following the ingestion of fat. They are then released into the lymphatic system before entering the bloodstream. Once in the bloodstream, chylomicrons deliver triglycerides to body tissues, such as muscle and adipose tissue, where they are broken down by the enzyme lipoprotein lipase and used for energy or stored for later use.
Related Terms
- Lipoprotein: A complex molecule composed of proteins and lipids that transport lipids through the bloodstream.
- Triglyceride: A type of fat found in the blood that the body uses for energy.
- Enterocyte: A cell of the intestinal lining that absorbs nutrients.
- Lymphatic system: A network of tissues and organs that help rid the body of toxins, waste, and other unwanted materials.
- Lipoprotein lipase: An enzyme that breaks down triglycerides in lipoproteins into free fatty acids and glycerol.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Chylomicron
- Wikipedia's article - Chylomicron
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