Chromium

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Chromium (medicine)

Chromium (pronounced kroh-mee-uhm) is a chemical element with the symbol Cr and atomic number 24. It is a steely-grey, lustrous, hard, and brittle transition metal. In the field of medicine, chromium is recognized for its potential role in the human body's insulin regulation and lipid metabolism.

Etymology

The term "chromium" comes from the Greek word "chroma," meaning color, due to the many colorful compounds produced by this element.

Role in the Body

Chromium is an essential trace mineral that plays a significant role in carbohydrate metabolism, fat metabolism, and insulin signaling. It is believed to enhance the action of insulin, the hormone responsible for regulating the amount of glucose in the body.

Chromium Deficiency

Chromium deficiency is a medical condition characterized by an insufficient intake of chromium. Symptoms may include impaired glucose tolerance, weight loss, peripheral neuropathy, and confusion.

Chromium Supplements

Chromium supplements are often used as a dietary supplement for people with chromium deficiency or those looking to improve their body's response to insulin. However, the effectiveness and safety of these supplements are still under investigation.

Chromium Toxicity

Excessive intake of chromium can lead to chromium toxicity, a condition that can cause skin irritation, lung cancer, and kidney and liver damage.

Related Terms

  • Chromium Picolinate: A chemical compound sold as a nutritional supplement to prevent or treat chromium deficiency.
  • Glucose Tolerance Factor (GTF): A substance that enhances the action of insulin, which contains chromium as a central atom.

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