Cauda equina syndrome
Cauda Equina Syndrome
Cauda equina syndrome (pronounced: KOW-da eh-KWY-na SIN-drome) is a serious neurological condition in which damage to the cauda equina - a bundle of spinal nerves and nerve roots - causes loss of function of the lumbar plexus, (nerves in the lower back), often resulting in severe pain, numbness, or weakness in the legs.
Etymology
The term "cauda equina" is derived from Latin, meaning "horse's tail". This name is given due to the appearance of the lower end of the spinal cord, where it splits into many nerve roots resembling a horse's tail.
Symptoms
Symptoms of cauda equina syndrome may include:
- Severe lower back pain
- Saddle anesthesia - loss of sensation in the areas that would sit on a saddle
- Bladder and bowel dysfunction
- Sexual dysfunction
- Motor weakness, sensory loss, or pain in one or both legs
Causes
Cauda equina syndrome can be caused by a severe rupture of a lumbar disc, spinal stenosis, a spinal lesion or malignant tumour, spinal infection, inflammation, haemorrhage or fracture, or a complication from a severe lumbar spine injury or surgery.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of cauda equina syndrome is typically made through a combination of history, physical examination, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
Treatment
Treatment for cauda equina syndrome is surgical decompression of the cauda equina. This is typically performed as an emergency procedure, as the condition can lead to permanent paralysis, impaired bladder and/or bowel control, difficulty walking, or other serious problems if not treated promptly.
Related Terms
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Cauda equina syndrome
- Wikipedia's article - Cauda equina syndrome
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