Catabolysis

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Catabolysis

Catabolysis (pronounced: /kəˈtabələsis/) is a metabolic process that involves the breakdown of large molecules into smaller ones. This process releases energy that the body can use for various functions.

Etymology

The term "catabolysis" is derived from the Greek words "kata," which means "down," and "ballein," which means "to throw." Thus, catabolysis can be interpreted as the process of "throwing down" or breaking down molecules.

Process

Catabolysis begins with the ingestion of food. The food is broken down into smaller molecules through the process of digestion. These smaller molecules, such as glucose, are then transported to the cells where they are further broken down through a process called cellular respiration. This process releases energy in the form of ATP (adenosine triphosphate), which the body uses for various functions.

Related Terms

  • Anabolism: The process of building up large molecules from smaller ones. It is the opposite of catabolysis.
  • Metabolism: The sum of all chemical reactions in the body, including both catabolism and anabolism.
  • ATP: The energy currency of the cell. It is produced during catabolysis and used in various cellular processes.
  • Digestion: The process of breaking down food into smaller molecules that can be absorbed by the body.
  • Cellular Respiration: The process of breaking down glucose to produce ATP. It is a part of catabolysis.

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