Camrelizumab
Camrelizumab
Camrelizumab (pronunciation: kam-re-liz-u-mab) is a humanized monoclonal antibody that is used in the treatment of various types of cancer. It is designed to bind to the programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) on the surface of certain immune cells, blocking a mechanism that helps cancer cells evade the immune system.
Etymology
The name "Camrelizumab" is derived from the combination of the words "cancer", "immune", and "antibody", reflecting its function as an immune checkpoint inhibitor that targets cancer cells. The suffix "-mab" is common in monoclonal antibodies.
Mechanism of Action
Camrelizumab works by binding to the PD-1 receptor on T cells, a type of white blood cell that is crucial for the body's immune response. By blocking this receptor, camrelizumab prevents cancer cells from using the PD-1 pathway to hide from the immune system, allowing the T cells to detect and attack the cancer cells.
Indications
Camrelizumab is used in the treatment of various types of cancer, including hepatocellular carcinoma (the most common type of liver cancer), nasopharyngeal carcinoma (a type of head and neck cancer), and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. It is also being investigated for use in other types of cancer.
Side Effects
Common side effects of camrelizumab include fatigue, decreased appetite, rash, and diarrhea. More serious side effects can include immune-related adverse reactions, such as pneumonitis, hepatitis, colitis, and endocrinopathies.
Related Terms
- Monoclonal antibody
- Programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1)
- Immune checkpoint inhibitor
- Hepatocellular carcinoma
- Nasopharyngeal carcinoma
- Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Camrelizumab
- Wikipedia's article - Camrelizumab
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