Bunions

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Bunions

A Bunion (pronunciation: /ˈbʌnjən/) is a bony bump that forms on the joint at the base of your big toe. It occurs when some of the bones in the front part of your foot move out of place. This causes the tip of your big toe to get pulled toward the smaller toes and forces the joint at the base of your big toe to stick out.

Etymology

The term "bunion" is derived from the Latin word "bunio," meaning turnip.

Causes

Bunions are caused by wearing tight, narrow shoes, or high heels that force your toes into the front of the shoes. They can also develop as a result of an inherited structural defect, stress on your foot, or a medical condition such as arthritis.

Symptoms

The signs and symptoms of a bunion include:

  • A bulging bump on the outside of the base of your big toe
  • Swelling, redness or soreness around your big toe joint
  • Persistent or intermittent pain
  • Restricted movement of your big toe if arthritis affects the toe

Treatment

Treatment options for bunions include wearing shoes with a wider toe box, padding the bunion, wearing shoe inserts, taking pain relievers and anti-inflammatory drugs, and in severe cases, surgery.

Related Terms

  • Hallux valgus: This is the medical term for the condition that includes bunions.
  • Arthritis: This is a common condition that causes pain and inflammation in a joint, which can lead to bunion formation.
  • Orthotics: These are devices that can be worn inside shoes to correct structural issues that can cause bunions.
  • Podiatry: This is the medical specialty concerned with the diagnosis and treatment of conditions of the foot, ankle, and related structures of the leg, including bunions.
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