Blood serum

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Blood Serum

Blood serum (/blʌd ˈsɪərəm/) is the clear, yellowish part of blood that remains after clotting. It is distinct from plasma, which is blood fluid that contains blood clotting agents.

Etymology

The term "serum" is derived from the Latin word "serum," which means "whey," the watery liquid that separates from the curds in the process of cheese-making. The term "blood serum" is used to describe the similar-looking fluid that separates from clotted blood.

Definition

Blood serum is the component of blood that is neither a blood cell (erythrocyte, leukocyte, or platelet) nor a clotting factor; it is the blood plasma not including the fibrinogens. Serum includes all proteins not used in blood clotting (coagulation) and all the electrolytes, antibodies, antigens, hormones, and any exogenous substances (e.g., drugs and microorganisms).

Function

Blood serum plays a crucial role in the body's immune response. It contains antibodies that can bind to foreign substances, such as bacteria and viruses, to neutralize them. It also carries hormones, nutrients, and waste products throughout the body.

Related Terms

  • Plasma: The liquid component of blood, in which the blood cells are suspended.
  • Serology: The scientific study of serum and other bodily fluids.
  • Antibody: A protein produced by the body's immune system when it detects harmful substances.
  • Antigen: A toxin or other foreign substance that induces an immune response in the body, especially the production of antibodies.

See Also

External links

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