Blood in the urine

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Blood in the urine

Blood in the urine, medically known as Hematuria (pronounced hee-ma-TOO-ree-uh), is a condition characterized by the presence of red blood cells (Erythrocytes) in the urine. It can be categorized into two types: Microscopic Hematuria and Gross Hematuria.

Etymology

The term Hematuria is derived from the Greek words 'haima' meaning 'blood' and 'ouron' meaning 'urine'.

Causes

Blood in the urine can be caused by a variety of medical conditions, including but not limited to:

  • Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs): These occur when bacteria enter the body through the urethra and multiply in the bladder, causing symptoms such as pain and blood in the urine.
  • Kidney Infections: These occur when bacteria enter the kidneys, often resulting in symptoms such as back pain, fever, and blood in the urine.
  • Kidney Stones: These are hard deposits of minerals and salts that form inside the kidneys, often causing blood in the urine.
  • Bladder Stones: These are hard masses of minerals in the bladder, which can cause blood in the urine.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of Hematuria typically involves a series of tests, including a Urinalysis, Blood Tests, and imaging tests such as a CT Scan or Ultrasound. In some cases, a Cystoscopy may be performed to examine the inside of the urethra and bladder for abnormalities.

Treatment

Treatment for Hematuria depends on the underlying cause. This may include antibiotics for infections, medication to reduce inflammation or shrink an enlarged prostate, or surgical procedures to remove kidney or bladder stones.

Related Terms

  • Proteinuria: The presence of abnormal amounts of protein in the urine.
  • Dysuria: Pain or discomfort when urinating.
  • Polyuria: Producing abnormally large volumes of urine.
  • Oliguria: The production of abnormally small amounts of urine.
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