Bladder exstrophy

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Bladder Exstrophy

Bladder exstrophy (pronounced: bla-dər eks-strə-fē) is a rare congenital anomaly that involves the protrusion of the urinary bladder through a defect in the abdominal wall. It is a part of the exstrophy-epispadias complex, and is characterized by the eversion of the posterior bladder through the anterior abdominal wall.

Etymology

The term "bladder exstrophy" is derived from the Greek words "bladder" meaning a sac or pouch in the body that holds fluids, and "exstrophy" which means turning inside out.

Symptoms

The most obvious symptom of bladder exstrophy is the visible protrusion of the bladder from the abdomen. Other symptoms may include epispadias, where the opening of the urethra is on the top side of the penis rather than at the tip, and incontinence, the inability to control urination.

Causes

The exact cause of bladder exstrophy is unknown. However, it is believed to be due to a failure in the development of the inferior abdominal wall and bladder during the embryonic stage of pregnancy.

Treatment

Treatment for bladder exstrophy typically involves surgery to repair the bladder and abdominal wall, and to reconstruct the genitals if necessary. This is usually performed shortly after birth. Long-term management may include ongoing care for urinary and bowel function, and potential psychosocial support.

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