Blackheads

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Blackheads

Blackheads (pronunciation: /ˈblækˌhɛdz/), also known as open comedones, are a type of acne that appear as small, dark spots on the skin. They are a common skin condition that can occur on any part of the body, but are most commonly found on the face, particularly the nose.

Etymology

The term "blackhead" comes from the dark color of the lesion, which is caused by the oxidation of sebum (the skin's natural oil) in the pore. The term "comedo" (plural "comedones") is derived from the Latin word "comedere", which means "to eat up". This term was historically used to describe parasitic worms that "eat up" the body, and was later applied to acne due to the similar appearance of the lesions.

Causes

Blackheads are caused by the clogging of hair follicles with dead skin cells and sebum. When these substances come into contact with air, they oxidize and turn black, hence the name "blackhead". Factors that can increase the likelihood of developing blackheads include:

  • Overproduction of sebum
  • Build-up of the Propionibacterium acnes bacteria on the skin
  • Hormonal changes
  • Certain medications
  • Heavy sweating

Treatment

Treatment for blackheads typically involves the use of over-the-counter products that contain salicylic acid, benzoyl peroxide, or retinoids. These substances help to break down the plug of dead skin cells and sebum that causes the blackhead. In more severe cases, a dermatologist may recommend prescription medications or procedures such as chemical peels or microdermabrasion.

Prevention

Preventing blackheads involves maintaining a regular skincare routine that includes cleansing, exfoliating, and moisturizing. Avoiding heavy, oil-based skincare products can also help to prevent the clogging of pores.

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