Biomolecule
Biomolecule
A Biomolecule or biological molecule is a loosely used term for molecules and ions present in organisms that are essential to one or more typically biological processes, such as cell division, morphogenesis, or development.
Pronunciation
Bio·mo·le·cule: /ˌbīōˈmäləˌkyo͞ol/
Etymology
The term "Biomolecule" is a blend of "bio-" meaning life in Greek and "molecule" which comes from the Latin "moles" meaning a mass or barrier.
Types of Biomolecules
Biomolecules can be classified into various types such as:
- Carbohydrates: These are the most abundant biomolecules that are found in living organisms. They provide energy to the body and are made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.
- Proteins: These are complex biomolecules that are made up of amino acids. They play a crucial role in the body's structure, functions, and regulation of the body's cells, tissues, and organs.
- Nucleic Acids: These are biomolecules that are essential for life. They are made up of nucleotides and are responsible for storing and transmitting genetic information.
- Lipids: These are biomolecules that are insoluble in water but soluble in nonpolar solvents. They are used for energy storage, insulation, and protective padding around organs.
Functions of Biomolecules
Biomolecules play a crucial role in maintaining and promoting life. They are responsible for various functions such as:
- Providing structure to the cells and organisms
- Facilitating the transportation of molecules across cell membranes
- Acting as catalysts to speed up chemical reactions
- Storing and transmitting genetic information
- Providing energy to the body
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Biomolecule
- Wikipedia's article - Biomolecule
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