Beta-2 transferrin

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Beta-2 transferrin

Beta-2 transferrin (pronounced: bay-tuh too trans-fuh-rin) is a carbohydrate-free (desialated) isoform of transferrin, which is almost exclusively found in the cerebrospinal fluid. It is not found in blood, making it a specific marker for cerebrospinal fluid leaks.

Etymology

The term "Beta-2 transferrin" is derived from its migration pattern on protein electrophoresis. On this test, it migrates in the beta-2 region, hence the name. "Transferrin" is a portmanteau of "transfer" and "protein", indicating its role in iron transport.

Function

Beta-2 transferrin is a specific marker used to detect cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage. This can occur after trauma, surgery, or spontaneously. Its presence outside the CSF is a clear indication of a leak, which can lead to serious complications such as meningitis or brain abscess.

Related Terms

  • Transferrin: A protein that binds and transports iron in the blood. Beta-2 transferrin is a specific form of this protein.
  • Cerebrospinal fluid: The fluid that surrounds the brain and spinal cord. Beta-2 transferrin is almost exclusively found in this fluid.
  • Protein electrophoresis: A laboratory test used to identify specific proteins, such as beta-2 transferrin, based on their size and charge.
  • Meningitis: An infection of the membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord. This can be a complication of a CSF leak.
  • Brain abscess: A collection of pus in the brain, usually caused by a bacterial infection. This can also be a complication of a CSF leak.

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