Basal lamina
Basal Lamina
The Basal Lamina (pronounced: /ˈbeɪsəl ˈlæmɪnə/) is a layer of extracellular matrix secreted by the epithelial cells, on which the epithelium sits. It is often confused with the basement membrane, although they are not the same. The basal lamina provides support and anchorage for the cells above it.
Etymology
The term "Basal Lamina" comes from the Latin words "basis" meaning "base" and "lamina" meaning "thin layer". It was first used in this context in the mid-20th century.
Structure
The basal lamina is composed of two layers: the clear layer (or lamina lucida) and the dense layer (or lamina densa). The clear layer is adjacent to the epithelial cells and contains laminin, a glycoprotein that is important for cell adhesion. The dense layer is further from the cells and contains collagen and heparan sulfate proteoglycans.
Function
The basal lamina serves several functions. It provides physical support for the epithelial cells, separating them from underlying tissues. It also acts as a filter, allowing certain molecules to pass through while blocking others. In addition, it plays a role in cell differentiation, proliferation, and migration.
Related Terms
- Epithelium: The layer of cells that the basal lamina supports.
- Extracellular Matrix: The material in which the basal lamina is embedded.
- Laminin: A protein found in the clear layer of the basal lamina.
- Collagen: A protein found in the dense layer of the basal lamina.
- Basement Membrane: A structure often confused with the basal lamina, but which also includes the reticular lamina and underlying connective tissue.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Basal lamina
- Wikipedia's article - Basal lamina
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