Bacterial endocarditis
Bacterial Endocarditis
Bacterial endocarditis (pronounced: bak-TEER-ee-ul end-oh-kar-DIE-tis) is an infection of the heart's inner lining, usually the heart valves, caused by bacteria entering the bloodstream and settling in the heart.
Etymology
The term "endocarditis" is derived from the Greek words "endo" meaning "inside", "kardia" meaning "heart", and "itis" meaning "inflammation". The prefix "bacterial" indicates the cause of the condition.
Definition
Bacterial endocarditis is a serious condition that can lead to life-threatening complications if not treated promptly. It is characterized by the presence of bacteria in the endocardium, which is the innermost layer of tissue that lines the chambers of the heart.
Symptoms
Symptoms of bacterial endocarditis can vary greatly from person to person, but may include fever, chills, fatigue, aching joints and muscles, night sweats, shortness of breath, paleness, persistent cough, swelling in feet, legs or abdomen, and unexplained weight loss.
Causes
Bacterial endocarditis is typically caused by bacteria entering the bloodstream through activities such as brushing teeth, eating, using a catheter, or during a medical or dental procedure. The bacteria can travel to the heart, where they can settle and grow, causing an infection.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of bacterial endocarditis typically involves a physical examination, medical history, and various tests such as blood tests, an echocardiogram, or an electrocardiogram.
Treatment
Treatment for bacterial endocarditis usually involves high doses of intravenous (IV) antibiotics to kill the bacteria. In severe cases, surgery may be needed to repair or replace damaged heart valves.
Related Terms
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Bacterial endocarditis
- Wikipedia's article - Bacterial endocarditis
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