Bacillus anthracis
Bacillus anthracis
Bacillus anthracis (pronounced: /bəˈsɪləs ænˈθreɪsɪs/) is a Gram-positive, rod-shaped bacteria that is known for causing the disease anthrax. It is the only obligate pathogen within the genus Bacillus and is classified as a member of the Bacillus cereus group.
Etymology
The name Bacillus anthracis comes from the Greek words Bacillus meaning 'little rod' and anthracis meaning 'coal', referring to the black skin lesions seen in cutaneous anthrax.
Characteristics
Bacillus anthracis is a spore-forming bacteria that can survive in harsh conditions for a long time. The spores are resistant to heat, cold, radiation, desiccation, and disinfectants. When these spores enter a host organism, they germinate and produce toxins that can cause severe illness.
Disease
Bacillus anthracis is the causative agent of anthrax, a highly infectious and deadly disease that affects both humans and animals. The bacteria can enter the body through the skin, lungs, or gastrointestinal tract, leading to cutaneous, inhalation, or gastrointestinal anthrax, respectively.
Treatment
Treatment for anthrax includes antibiotics such as ciprofloxacin, doxycycline, and penicillin. Vaccines are also available for certain groups at high risk of exposure.
Related Terms
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Bacillus anthracis
- Wikipedia's article - Bacillus anthracis
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