Baccatin III

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Baccatin III

Baccatin III (pronunciation: /bækəˈtiːn/), is a precursor in the biosynthesis of the anti-cancer drug paclitaxel (Taxol). It is a diterpenoid compound derived from the Taxus species of plants, commonly known as yew trees.

Etymology

The term "Baccatin" is derived from the Latin baccatus, meaning "berry-like", referring to the berry-like appearance of the yew tree's seed cones. The suffix "III" denotes the third compound isolated in the series of baccatin compounds.

Biosynthesis

Baccatin III is synthesized in the yew tree through a complex process involving multiple enzymatic reactions. The process begins with the compound geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate (GGPP), which undergoes a series of transformations to eventually form baccatin III. This compound is then further modified to produce paclitaxel.

Medical Use

Baccatin III is primarily used in the production of paclitaxel, a potent anti-cancer drug. Paclitaxel works by disrupting the normal function of microtubules, structures that are essential for cell division. By preventing the normal function of these structures, paclitaxel can inhibit the growth and division of cancer cells.

Related Terms

  • Paclitaxel: An anti-cancer drug derived from baccatin III.
  • Taxus: The genus of yew trees from which baccatin III is derived.
  • Geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate (GGPP): The starting compound in the biosynthesis of baccatin III.
  • Microtubules: Structures within cells that are targeted by paclitaxel.

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