Association

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Association (Medicine)

Association (pronounced: əˌsōsēˈāSH(ə)n) in the field of medicine refers to the statistical relationship between two or more events, characteristics, or other variables. The term is often used in epidemiology to denote the occurrence of more cases of a particular disease or condition than would be expected in a population group.

Etymology

The term 'association' is derived from the Latin word 'associare' which means 'to unite, to connect together'. In the context of medicine, it is used to denote the connection or relationship between two or more medical conditions or events.

Related Terms

  • Correlation: A statistical measure that indicates the extent to which two or more variables fluctuate together. A positive correlation indicates the extent to which those variables increase or decrease in parallel; a negative correlation indicates the extent to which one variable increases as the other decreases.
  • Causation: The act or process of causing something to happen or exist. In medicine, it refers to the relationship between a cause (e.g., a disease or injury) and its effect (e.g., symptoms or conditions).
  • Confounding: A situation in which the effect or association between an exposure and outcome is distorted by the presence of another variable.
  • Risk Factor: A characteristic, condition, or behavior that increases the likelihood of getting a disease or injury.
  • Epidemiology: The study and analysis of the distribution, patterns and determinants of health and disease conditions in defined populations.
  • Prevalence: The proportion of a particular population found to be affected by a medical condition (typically a disease or a risk factor such as smoking or seat-belt use) at a specific time.
  • Incidence: The occurrence, rate, or frequency of a disease, crime, or something else undesirable.

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