Arterial stiffness

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Arterial Stiffness

Arterial stiffness (/ɑːrˈtɪəriəl stɪfnɪs/) is a general term for the elasticity, or compliance, of the arteries.

Etymology

The term "arterial stiffness" is derived from the Latin words "arteria" meaning artery, and "stiffness" from the Old English "stifness," meaning rigidity or inflexibility.

Definition

Arterial stiffness refers to the reduced ability of an artery to expand and contract in response to pressure changes. It is a symptom of cardiovascular disease and is known to increase the risk of heart attack and stroke.

Measurement

Arterial stiffness can be measured using a variety of methods, including pulse wave velocity (PWV), augmentation index (AIx), and central arterial pressure. These measurements can provide valuable information about the health of the cardiovascular system and the risk of future cardiovascular events.

Causes

Arterial stiffness can be caused by a variety of factors, including aging, hypertension, diabetes, and atherosclerosis. Lifestyle factors such as smoking, lack of physical activity, and poor diet can also contribute to arterial stiffness.

Treatment

Treatment for arterial stiffness typically involves managing the underlying causes, such as controlling blood pressure and blood sugar levels, quitting smoking, and improving diet and exercise habits. Medications such as ACE inhibitors, beta blockers, and calcium channel blockers may also be used to reduce arterial stiffness.

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