Arnold-chiari malformation

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Arnold-Chiari Malformation

Arnold-Chiari Malformation (pronounced ar-nold kee-ah-ree mal-for-may-shun) is a rare neurological disorder that is present at birth (congenital). The condition is also known as Chiari malformation or Chiari's deformity.

Etymology

The condition is named after two Austrian pathologists, Hans Chiari and Julius Arnold. Chiari first described the malformation in the late 19th century, and Arnold added to the understanding of the condition.

Definition

Arnold-Chiari Malformation is characterized by defects in the cerebellum, the part of the brain that controls balance. For some people, these defects may not cause any problems. In others, they can cause symptoms such as dizziness, muscle weakness, and problems with balance and coordination.

Types

There are four types of Arnold-Chiari Malformation:

  • Type I involves the extension of the cerebellar tonsils into the foramen magnum. It is the only type that can be acquired.
  • Type II is also known as classic Arnold-Chiari Malformation or Chiari II. It is usually accompanied by a myelomeningocele.
  • Type III is the most serious form of Arnold-Chiari Malformation.
  • Type IV involves an incomplete or underdeveloped cerebellum. It is the rarest form.

Symptoms

Symptoms of Arnold-Chiari Malformation can vary greatly from person to person. They may include headache, vertigo, tinnitus, dysphagia, and insomnia.

Treatment

Treatment for Arnold-Chiari Malformation can involve medication, physical therapy, or surgery, depending on the severity of the condition and the symptoms.

See Also

References

External links

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