Apomixis
Apomixis
Apomixis (pronounced: /ˌæpəˈmɪksɪs/) is a form of asexual reproduction that bypasses the typical process of sexual reproduction, particularly meiosis and fertilization. Instead, offspring are produced by the transfer of genetic material from a single parent, resulting in offspring that are genetically identical to the parent.
Etymology
The term "apomixis" is derived from the Greek words "apo", meaning "away from", and "mixis", meaning "mixing". This refers to the fact that apomixis bypasses the typical "mixing" of genetic material that occurs during sexual reproduction.
Types of Apomixis
There are three main types of apomixis:
- Sporophytic apomixis: In this type, the embryo develops from a cell in the ovule that is not normally involved in the development of embryos.
- Gametophytic apomixis: This type involves the formation of an embryo from an unfertilized egg cell.
- Adventitious embryony: This type involves the development of an embryo from somatic tissue in the ovule.
Related Terms
- Parthenogenesis: A form of asexual reproduction in which an egg develops into a new individual without being fertilized.
- Asexual reproduction: The process by which an organism creates a genetically similar or identical copy of itself without a contribution of genetic material from another organism.
- Sexual reproduction: The process by which genetic material from two parents combines and produces offspring with a combination of genetic traits from each parent.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Apomixis
- Wikipedia's article - Apomixis
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