Anorectal anomalies
Anorectal anomalies
Anorectal anomalies (pronunciation: an-o-rect-al a-nom-a-lies) are a group of birth defects, or congenital disorders, that affect an individual's anus and rectum.
Etymology
The term "anorectal" is derived from "ano-", referring to the anus, and "-rectal", referring to the rectum. "Anomalies" comes from the Greek word "anomalía", meaning irregularity or deviation from the norm.
Definition
Anorectal anomalies are a spectrum of different congenital conditions that affect the development of the anus and rectum in a fetus. These conditions can lead to complications such as constipation, incontinence, and issues with sexual function.
Types
There are several types of anorectal anomalies, including:
- Imperforate anus: This is when the anus is either blocked or missing entirely.
- Rectovestibular fistula: This is when there is an abnormal connection between the rectum and the vestibule of the vagina.
- Rectoperineal fistula: This is when there is an abnormal connection between the rectum and the perineum.
- Rectourethral fistula: This is when there is an abnormal connection between the rectum and the urethra.
- Rectobladderneck fistula: This is when there is an abnormal connection between the rectum and the bladder neck.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of anorectal anomalies is typically made shortly after birth, during the newborn physical examination. Further tests such as ultrasound, MRI, or endoscopy may be used to confirm the diagnosis and determine the exact type of anomaly.
Treatment
Treatment for anorectal anomalies typically involves surgery to correct the defect. The type of surgery will depend on the specific type of anomaly. Post-surgery, ongoing care may be needed to manage any resulting complications or issues with bowel function.
Related Terms
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Anorectal anomalies
- Wikipedia's article - Anorectal anomalies
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